The ongoing insurgency in Mozambique’s most northern province of Cabo Delgado has a long historical trajectory. Drivers of the conflict, and the mobilisation that support it preceded its turn to violence in 2017. Over the past six years of violent manifestation, the conflict has gone through numerous stages defined by its expanding territorial presence, and incorporation into the Islamic State, countered by the international military deployment to combat the group, leading to ISM’s subsequent contraction in terms of numbers and territory. This brief report covers the insurgency’s trajectory and evolution with a focus on its organisational structure and leadership, transnational linkages, strategy and operational activities, recruitment, and financing. In doing so it provides an updated account and assessment of the insurgency’s core characteristics and the internal dynamics that drives it evolution.
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